Government Regulation of Illegal Logging and...

â€Å"The world’s rainforests could completely vanish in a hundred years at the current rate of deforestation.† Says National Geographic. The world’s forests play and important role in providing everyday necessary benefits such as food, water, shelter, clothing, traditional medicine, and most importantly, they maintain an equilibrium in the world’s environment, which if drastically altered, can negatively affect its surroundings. The two main causes that contribute to the deterioration and or extinction of the world’s forests are deforestation and illegal logging. Deforestation is the eradication of vast forests without replacing the lost trees by simultaneously planting new ones. Not all deforestation is intentional. Deforestation can be†¦show more content†¦In a scenario where heavy rains cause flooding on the soil, the toxic chemicals such as pesticides that were once either on the trees or in the crops, would meld into the water which e ventually drains into a nearby river or water source. These toxic substances are not only harmful to animals that could end up consuming the water, but also to humans who intake the water, bathe in it, or use it for the irrigation of their crops. Erosion also strips the land of its top soil, which is known to be the most fertile layer of land. The stripping away of this layer, deprives the land of being able to regenerate itself, and eventually results in barren land and forest extinction. Moreover, soil erosion can also cause famine in communities of people, as well as in animals. According to the New York Times, â€Å"While the rate of the worlds soil depletion is almost equal to that of its oil depletion, he said, the four major food-producing countries have done little to counter the projected long-term damage.† The world’s oil is depleting at a very fast pace and so it is shocking to imagine so much land being lost to erosion, drought, floods, and high winds every day. All of this, chained from the chopping down of vast forests. Soil erosion is also stopping the production of food and causing many people to starve. Farmers are going out of business and the availability of certain products also decreases. Subsequently, the erosion of topsoil, the mostShow MoreRelatedEnvironmental Pollution And Its Effects On The Country Of Indonesia1694 Words   |  7 Pagesmass deforestation, smog, water pollution, and various other forms of environmental destruction. As a poverty ridden nation lead by a government with too few resources at its disposal the issues of extreme pollution are often put on hold to other societal issues. In Indonesia, many forms of environmental pollution / destruction are not only affecting their population of well over a hundred million people, but also the surrounding areas, these forms of pollution include: water, deforestation, andRead MoreWhat Makes Life So Precious?882 Words   |  4 Pages But we forget the life we take for granted the most, Earth. In the Visual argument, a lung-shaped forest is depicted with a dying right lung. Deforestation is slowly eating at Earth and causing oxygen levels to plummet. In the image, the creator shows our environment s struggle to produce oxygen due to mankind’s greed, deforestation, and illegal logging. Mankind s greed has never been satisfied since the beginning of time. Human beings are always looking for a way forward and are never satisfiedRead MoreThe Most Crucial Problem of Philippine: Deforestation1153 Words   |  5 PagesPhilippine Deforestation: Final Paper Deforestation is one of the most crucial problem of the Philippines today, because of poor economic performance, weak polices, legal institutions and government laws, increasing population, poverty, corruption , agricultural expansion and lastly, extensive commercial logging activities. Philippines is a beautiful country rich in its biodiversity and natural resources, the country has 7,107 islands with a land area of 300,000 square kilometers. UnfortunatelyRead MoreThe Indonesian Forest Holocaust3277 Words   |  14 Pagesspecies, 16% of reptile species and 17% of the bird species (Hamilton 1996). In the late 1960s, commercial exploitation of Indonesia’s natural forests became a means to boost economic development under the Suharto’s regime by enabling the government to issue logging concessions. However, the lack of natural resource management of its natural forests caused backlash from locals and international communities led to the downfall of the Suharto regime i n 1998 (Yasmi, Guernier Colfer 2009). Since thenRead MoreCompare and Contrast Essay Deforestation in Brazil and Indonesia1071 Words   |  5 PagesDeforestation in Indonesia and Brazil Deforestation is normally referred to activities that all trees in forest are taken away through either the purpose is to get timber or to replace the area for alternative uses can cause environmental degradation, and pollution emission. There are similarities and differences of deforestation causes in Brazil and Indonesia. The objective of this essay is to compare and contrast the similarities and differences of deforestationRead MoreDeforestation And Its Effects On The Environment1616 Words   |  7 PagesBackground Webster dictionary defines deforestation as the action or process of clearing of forests. It occurs when humans desire to make use of land covered by forest for other purposes. This clearing of tree is concerning due to the fact that trees are being cut down at a rate much greater then they can grow back. This is called overshot, and can have a devastating impact on the environment. There is an estimated loss of 18 million acres of forest each year. That is roughly equivalent to the sizeRead MoreIllegal Logging in the Philippines1618 Words   |  7 Pagesthat human species is born unto trouble. On all sides of the world, we see violence, poverty, graft and corruption, pollution, deforestation, overpopulation, and so on, endlessly. We wonder what brought the world and the humankind into this deplorable condition. This prompted me to write this paper on one of the crucial environmental problem that we are facing: illegal logging. Forests in the tropics have a rich biodiversity. More than fifty percent of all the plants and animals in the world are toRead MoreDeforestation Is Infrastructure Expansion ( Geist Lambin ) Essay1374 Words   |  6 PagesThere are many causes/factors to deforestation, which are largely associated with direct human influence. The first proximate cause to deforestation is infrastructure expansion (Geist Lambin, 2002, p. 144). This refers to transportation (roads), private and public markets, rural and urban settlements, and private and public services (water lines, oil exploitation, etc†¦) (Geist Lambin, 2002, p. 144). The next cause is agricultural expansion, which includes, large or small-scale cultivations, shiftingRead MoreMoney Lauundering In Indonesia883 Words   |  4 Pages Furthermore, the financial institutions in Indonesia seem to be at a losing end when there is no strict regulations or legislations on money laundering activities in regards to forests-related activities. There is deficiencies in legislations for anti-money laundering and there is no stern legislation that prevents this malpractice but somehow the financial regulations is lenient on this due to bureaucratic rule. The Agricultural Research Development 2004 clearly emphasized in their report thatRead MoreGuajilote Cooperativo Forestal955 Words   |  4 Pagesconcern was deforestation through fires, illegal logging, and slash and burn agriculture. Lack of transportation was another major concern for Guajilote Cooperativo Forestal. The cooperative capital was not enough to buy trucks to secure the mahogany transportation. Their only distributor was taking advantage of that and was not paying enough for the wood. To conclude Guajilote was surrounded by potential restrictions by CITIES and COHDEFOR. In addition, the fires, illegal deforestation, and illegal

The Destruction Of Women s Sports - 1518 Words

The destruction of women’s sports is on the rise, because males are identifying themselves as females and competing with an unfair advantage. The biological men are causing a controversal problem around the world. These men are breaking records and winning competitions in wrestling, weightlifting, track, softball, volleyball, basketball, mixed martial arts, and more. Equality, is asked from the Transgenders who are competing in women’s sports, but it is proven that men are bigger and stronger than women, so they are making the sports unfair for the biologically born women. All the attributes that come with being born a man will not go away, and you have got to accept the fact that you are a man. Changing your sex and identifying as a†¦show more content†¦The molecule, hemoglobin, carries oxygen to and from the muscles. Hemoglobin, allows the muscles to work harder for a longer period of time, so it is beneficial to have more. The higher aerobic capacity, gives men the advantage over women when running events over 800 meters. Men also have longer and stronger bones, they are denser and have stronger ligaments, which make men less prone to injury. Longer bones allow for men to be taller and have greater leverage. Moreover, they help support the large body frame of a man. This can be an enormous advantage when competing in sports such as wrestling, weightlifting, football, and mixed martial arts. On another occasion of events a mixed martial arts competitor, claimed to be overpowered when she fought a transgender female. She announced that her opponent had a stronger grip that was beyond anything she had ever gone against. A male has bigger hands and shoulders, they are mechanically better, so they can throw harder and faster punches. The transgender managed to knock out the female within the first two minutes of the first round. I am not surprised as it is basically a man fighting a woman. Many times lawsuits are filed against organizations , because of their rules that don’t allow transgender women to play. A lawsuit was once filed against the International Women’s Football League, because a transgender was denied the right to play for them. The league will only accept biologically born female players,Show MoreRelatedThe Destruction Of Women s Sports1465 Words   |  6 PagesThe destruction of women’s sports is on an upsurge, because males are identifying themselves as females and competing with an unfair advantage. The biological men are causing a controversial complication around the world. These men are breaking records and winning competitions in wrestling, weightlifting, track, softball, volleyball, basketball, mixed martial arts, and more. Requesting equality, the Transgenders are outraged about the regulations, but men are bigger and stronger than women, so theyRead MoreThe Fight Against Discrimination Today s Society1030 Words   |  5 PagesAndie Girard Mr. Morrow English-1D1 08 December 2015 The Fight Against Discrimination In Today s Society â€Å"Discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favour of, or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or which that person or thing is perceived to belong to rather than an individual being or object.† (Dictionary.com) Imagine living everyday hiding your true self, disguising the person you actually are and what real emotions you feel. People areRead MoreThe Fight Against Discrimination Today s Society1030 Words   |  5 Pages Andie Girard Mr. Morrow English-1D1 08 December 2015 The Fight Against Discrimination In Today s Society â€Å"Discrimination is treatment or consideration of, or making a distinction in favour of, or against a person or thing based on the group, class, or which that person or thing is perceived to belong to rather than an individual being or object.† (Dictionary.com) Imagine living everyday hiding your true self, disguising the person you actually are and what real emotions you feel. PeopleRead MoreThe 1960s Of The 70s1674 Words   |  7 PagesI noticed in the 70s is that it is a continuation of the 60s. During this decade, women continued to fight for their equality and Americans joined the protest against the Vietnam War that was going on during this time. The 1970s was a time of great change. Some of these great changes had to deal with the fashion industries, technologies, and even transportation. Not only that, but in the 70s, types of music s changed and so did art. For example, there was an increase in Installation Art duringRead MoreEquality Between Men and Women1499 Words   |  6 Pagessuperiority, were given the prospects many women never even dreamt to have. Conversely, as time has progressed, women have fought this unfair treatment with demands of suffrage and similar rights to those of their male equivalents. Greatly enough, this generation has done an exceptional job in the challenge of overcoming sexism and inequality. However, will this search for equality ever end? When can we say we have created an equal race of men and women? The fact of the matter is that it is trulyRead MoreComparing Intersex And Transgender Females Deserve A Place Of Belonging1398 Words   |  6 PagesIntersex and transgender females deserve a place of belonging in the world of sport. 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There is a growing social acceptance of transgender and intersex individuals in s ociety, however, when it comes to sport these individuals are often left isolated on an island of controversyRead MoreFeminism, The Advocacy Of Women s Rights On The Basis Of Equality1141 Words   |  5 PagesFeminism is defined as the advocacy of women s rights on the basis of the equality of the sexes. Throughout the hundreds of years women have been around there have always been those that fought for more. From fighting for the right to vote to marching down Capitol Hill women have been fighting for equality. Although the fight may have changed over the years these individuals have always fought for the better for people around the world. Now more than ever women are critiqued for contribution to feminismRead More Women Deserve the Same Rights as Men Essay1288 Words   |  6 PagesWomen Deserve the Same Rights as Men From the beginning of time, females have played a powerful role in the shaping of this world. They have stood by idly and watched as this country moved on without them, and yet they have demanded equal rights as the nation rolls along. Through the years the common belief has been that women could not perform as well as men in anything, but over the years that belief has been proven wrong time and time again. So as time marches on, women have clawedRead MoreMovie Review : Top Gun929 Words   |  4 Pages One of the most iconic movies from the 80’s is Top Gun. From the thrilling flight scenes to Tom Cruise s winning smile, the movie was, and remains, a hit. Maverick, played by Tom Cruise, is sent to an elite naval flight school with his best friend Goose. Both men must undergo training in an extremely competitive environment. to become the best pilots in the academy. They face many challenges and loss along the way. Throughout the movie Top Gun, the hyper-masculine enviro nment of flight school allows

Auditing Is the Process of Examining Different Kinds of Financial

Question: Auditing Is the Process of Examining How Different Kinds of Financial? Answer: Introduction In general, auditing is the process of examining different kinds of financial transductions and financial accounts of the business organizations so that any kind of mistakes and fraudulent can be spotted (Pitt, 2014). In this era of technological development, one of the major auditing concepts is the process of IT Auditing. IT audit has a great importance in todays business organizations. IT audit refers to the process to examine and evaluate the information technology infrastructure, policies and various operations of the business organizations (Meyer, 2016). The main objective of IT audit is to protect the corporate assets of the business organizations, to ensure the integrity of data and also to ensure that all the data and information is properly aligned with the overall objective of the organizations (Arens, Elder Mark 2012). The process of IT audit has utmost importance to the business organizations as it ensures that all the IT systems of the organizations are effectively pro tected. The process of IT audit helps to provide reliable information to the stakeholders of the business. Same as the general auditing procedure, IT audit procedure also needs to follow the general legislation of the auditing profession. One of the major factors in the process of IT audit is the Generally Accepted Auditing Principles, commonly known as GAAP. Another major concept of IT audit is the legislation of ISACAs COBIT. ISACAs COBIT is a framework for the process of IT audit that govern different kinds of risks and security issues in the process of IT audit. Relevant Legislation of IT Audit In Australia, there are different kinds of legislation regarding the process of auditing. These legislations general audit legislations that is they are applicable for the general auditing and IT auditing. Names of some of the major auditing legislations are the main aim of this standard. One of the major auditing legislation is the Auditor-General Act 1997 (legislation.gov.au, 2017). This act deals with all the aspects of the appointment of the general auditors in the organizations. This act deals with appointment of the general auditor, to set the function of the general auditors and various other aspects related with the general auditors. Another crucial legislation is the Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 (anao.gov.au, 2017). The main objective of this legislation of this law is to include the governance, responsibility and accountability in the operations of the auditors. Another important legislation regarding the audit profession is Australia National Audit Office (ANAO) Auditing Standard (auasb.gov.au, 2017). As per this audit legislation, the audit performance, financial statement of the companies, assurance of the reviewed audit report are designed in order to provide the desired level of assurance in the audit profession. Some of the important factors in this regard are the provided assurance by the auditors, the expertise of the auditors, the process of internal control of the auditors, various types of cost considerations and many others. These are the major legislations regarding the process of auditors. Apart from this, there are many other legislation in the audit profession. Generally Accepted Auditing Standards (GAAS) One of the major aspects in the process of auditing is the GAAS standards. GAAS stands for Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. GAAS refers to a set of principles or standards against which the quality of the audit operations is measured or the quality of auditing is judged (aicpa.org, 2017). It can be seen that there are certain principles or standards that the auditors needs to comply with at the time of performing the audit operations for the business organizations. There are three principles in the general standards in GAAS. First, the auditor must have enough level of technical knowledge and experience for conducting the audit operations. Second, there must be mental independence of the auditors at the time of audit operations. Third, at the time of audit operations, the auditors must exercise due professional care (Christensen et al., 2015). There are three principles in standards of fieldwork in GAAS. First, before any audit operations, the auditors need to prepare their audit plan and should proceed as per the plan. Second, the auditors must obtain sufficient amount of knowledge and understanding about the business operations of the audit clients (Causholli Knechel, 2012). Third, at the time of performing the audit operations, the auditors must obtain sufficient audit evidence to make the audit opinion. There are four principles in standards of reporting in GAAS. First, the auditors must state that whether the financial statements of the audit client is prepared with accordance with the Generally Accepted Accounting Principle (GAAP) (Kinney Jr, 2015). Second, the auditors must identify the places in the financial statement where there is irregularity. Third, the auditors must state all the necessary aspects in the audit reports. Fourth, based on the analysis of the financial statements of the audit client, the auditor s need to make their audit opinion in the audit report (Flood, 2016). ISACAs COBIT Information Systems Audit and Control Association, commonly known as ISACA, is an association that provides specific guidance, benchmark and other effective tools to the business organizations that use information technology. With the help of various kinds of tools, ISACA defines the roles of audit, assurance, security, governance of information system in the process of IT audit (isaca.org, 2017). In the framework of ISACA, one of the most important frameworks is the COBIT framework. COBIT stands for Control Objectives for Information and Related Technology. COBIT refers to a set of practices for Information Technology Management. ISACA developed COBIT in the year of 1996 for the objective of IT governance. COBIT helps the business organizations by creating optimal value from Information Technology with the help of maintaining a balance between optimal risk levels and realized benefits. COBIT provides assistance to the business organizations by enabling the management of information and technology of the organizations in a holistic manner. A major advantage of COBIT is that the principles of COBIT can be applied to every kind of business organizations irrespective of the size, nature and type of the industry. This is also applicable for the non-profit making organizations. At the time of conducting the IT audit operations, the auditor need to taken into consideration all the principles of COBIT (Qualified-audit-partners.be, 2017). COBIT framework is considered as a single framework that is highly integrated. The business organizations consider the COBIT framework as an important tool to fulfill the needs of the stakeholders of the organizations as it assists to provide true and fair information to the stakeholders of the organizations. Audit Strategies The main objective of this report is to analyze and evaluate the various aspect of the Information System audit report of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report. In the earlier section of this report, the principles and standards of GAAS are discussed. From the discussion about the principles and standards of GAAS, it can be observed that before the starting of the audit operations, it is the duty of the auditors to develop the detailed plan of the audit operation along with the development of the audit strategies. There is not any exception of this fact in case of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report about the information technology. Some specific strategies have been at the time of the development of this audit report. This particular audit report is the summary of the results of the 2012 annual cycle of audit. As per the audit strategy, the main objective of this report is to audit the various aspects of the information technology regarding to the business organizations. According to the audit strategy of this report, twenty-one companies have been benchmarked against the International Standards for Information Security. This is a major strategy for the preparation of this report. These agencies have been taken into consideration so that the information technology performance of the business organizations can be compared against them. This is a useful strategy to detect the loopholes in the various aspects of the information technology of the business organizations. The main purpose behind the adoption of this strategy is to highlight the needs for the organizations to provide greater attention to the risk management and security issues regarding the information technology. Another major strategy of the preparation of this audit report is the selection of five key business applications. These five aspects are taken into consideration, as they are the important factors in the information technology. The audit evaluation of these five aspects will be h elpful to detect the weaknesses and loopholes in the various infrastructure of the information technology of the companies. These major strategies have been used in this audit report. Identification and Discussion of Irregularities From the earlier discussion, it can be observed that there are various kinds of principles and regulations of audition profession that the auditors need to comply with at the time of conducting the audit operations for the organizations (Vanstraelen et al., 2012). According to the auditing principles and standards, an audit report must have some major components. The first two components are the title of the report and a proper introduction. In case of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report, these two parts are present as the report has both a title and an introduction. However, the report does not have any separate section for scope, as this is one of the requirements of an ideal audit report. In the scope paragraph, the rules and methods that need to be followed at the time of preparing the report are mentioned. In the Western Australian Auditor Generals Report, the auditors have not mentioned the methods and standards that have been followed at the time of preparing audit repo rt (Mock et al., 2012). The findings of the audit operations are all over the audit report. It implies that the auditor have done his job significantly. Another two of the major components of the audit reports are the name of the auditor and signature of the auditor. In case of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report, it can be seen that both these above-mentioned aspects are presented in the audit report (Knechel et al., 2012). The last component of audit report is the auditors recommendations that are well provided in the audit report. Recommendations From the above discussion, some irregularities can be spotted in the Western Australian Auditor Generals Report. Due to these irregularities, it is hard to understand that whether this report has complied with all the auditing standards and principles. Hence, some of the recommendations are provided below: It is recommended that that the audit report needs to be developed as per the actual structure of the audit reports. It is recommended that all the components of an ideal audit report must be there in the Western Australian Auditor Generals Report. It is recommended that at the time of preparing the audit report, the auditor needs to follow the guidelines and principles of Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. It is recommended that the audit report must contain the scope and executive summary portions that will include the rules and methods that need to be mentioned at the time of developing the audit reports. Conclusion The main objective of the study is to analyze and evaluate the different aspects of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report that is about the audit on information technology. For this purpose, there major aspects that needed to be discussed are the audit legislations, Generally Accepted Auditing Standards and ISACAs COBIT. Three of the major audit legislatives are Auditor-General Act 1997, Public Governance, Performance and Accountability Act 2013 and Australia National Audit Office (ANAO) Auditing Standard. At the time of the audit operations, the auditors need to comply with all the standards. In case of Western Australian Auditor Generals Report, the auditor has adopted certain strategies so that the loophole in the information technologies of the companies can be identified. Some of the major irregularities in the Western Australian Auditor Generals Report have been spotted. It has been seen that some of the major components of the ideal audit report are missing in the Western Australian Auditor Generals Report like the scope of the report, the used methods in the report and others. Based on the outcome of the whole study, some recommendations have been provided. References About ISACA. (2017).Isaca.org. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.isaca.org/about-isaca/Pages/default.aspx Arens, A. A., Elder, R. J., Mark, B. (2012).Auditing and assurance services: an integrated approach. Boston: Prentice Hall. Australian Auditing Standards. (2017).Auasb.gov.au. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.auasb.gov.au/Pronouncements/Australian-Auditing-Standards.aspx Australian National Audit Office (ANAO) Auditing Standards (09/03/2017). (2017).Legislation.gov.au. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.legislation.gov.au/Details/F2017L00230 Causholli, M., Knechel, W. R. (2012). An examination of the credence attributes of an audit.Accounting Horizons,26(4), 631-656. Christensen, B. E., Glover, S. M., Omer, T. C., Shelley, M. K. (2015). Understanding audit quality: Insights from audit professionals and investors.Contemporary Accounting Research. COBIT 5 ISACA's new framework for IT Governance, Risk, Security and Auditing. (2017).qualified-audit-partners.be. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.qualified-audit-partners.be/user_files/QECB_GLC_COBIT_5_ISACA_s_new_framework_201303.pdf Flood, J. M. (2016). AU?C 230 Audit Documentation.Wiley Practitioner's Guide to GAAS 2015: Covering all SASs, SSAEs, SSARSs, PCAOB Auditing Standards, and Interpretations, 23-32. Generally Accepted Auditing Standards. (2017).aicpa.org. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.aicpa.org/Research/Standards/AuditAttest/DownloadableDocuments/AU-00150.pdf Kinney Jr, W. R. (2015). GAAS 1963-2012: The Global Foundation of Independent Audits and Research in Auditing. Knechel, W. R., Krishnan, G. V., Pevzner, M., Shefchik, L. B., Velury, U. K. (2012). Audit quality: Insights from the academic literature.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(sp1), 385-421. Legislation and standards | Australian National Audit Office. (2017).Anao.gov.au. Retrieved 8 May 2017, from https://www.anao.gov.au/about/legislation-and-standards Meyer, C. (2016). Sound Audit Quality Control.Journal of Accountancy,221(3), 18. Mock, T. J., Bdard, J., Coram, P. J., Davis, S. M., Espahbodi, R., Warne, R. C. (2012). The audit reporting model: Current research synthesis and implications.Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory,32(sp1), 323-351. Pitt, S. A. (2014). International standards for the professional practice of internal auditing. Vanstraelen, A., Schelleman, C., Meuwissen, R., Hofmann, I. (2012). The audit reporting debate: Seemingly intractable problems and feasible solutions.European Accounting Review,21(2), 193-215.

The Construction of the Pantheon free essay sample

An in depth look at this historic temple, with detailed descriptions as well as illustrations. This paper includes a look at the construction of the Pantheon in Rome. The author provides a historical background regarding its creation under the ruler, Hadrian, as well as photos of this building. The focus of the paper is on a walkthrough of this architectural site. Throughout Roman history, many influential temples have been built. Perhaps the most recognizable and influential temple in all of imperial Rome is the Pantheon. Most temples that were built in ancient Rome were dedicated to a single god, or possibly a few gods. Built by the Emperor Hadrian, the ideology behind the Pantheon was to give remembrance and respect to all of the gods in ancient Rome. Since this temple was turned into a church in the early seventh century A.D., it was maintained and preserved very well, and can still be visited today. We will write a custom essay sample on The Construction of the Pantheon or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Within this research paper, I will provide a detailed look at the construction of the Pantheon, as well as Hadrians motivation to erect this building.

Benjamin Franklin Essays (317 words) - Corrective Lenses

Benjamin Franklin Benjamin franklin had an effect on our understanding of electricity and shaped the language we you to talk about it. Benjamin franklin was born on January 17, 1706 in Boston, Massachusetts. His father was a candle maker from England. His mom was a stay at home mom and had seven sisters and was born in Nantucket, Massachusetts. Benjamin had nine siblings in his family. He only had two years of education because his parents couldn't afford the fees. He worked with his father after he quit school, but he tried to read everything he could to get knowledge. When he was twelve he started working as an apprentice in a printer shop. He moved to Philadelphia when he was seventeen to get away from the apprenticeship and that was against the law. After he went to philadelphia he went to London, England to learn more about printing. Then he went back to philadelphia and began his career again printing. When he was twenty three he became a publisher. Benjamin published stuff that made him very we althy. He published for richard almanac for twenty-five years. Every year he published the almanac his financial stuff grew more secure. Benjamin kept reading and learning more about science and technology. Benjamin was a scientist and an inventor. franklin never patented his invention, so it is hard to know when he built them all the dates are predicted. Franklin wore glasses for most of his life and back then they didn't work that good, so he invented the bifocal specticals. The bifocal glasses had two lenses with different focusing distances. Then he built what is called the franklin stove which exchanged the heat with cold air and heated up the room it was in. Then he went to the pennsylvania malitia for the american revolutionary war. Benjamin created a group where scientists could share their theories about science stuff.

Annunciation Essay Example

Annunciation Essay Example Annunciation Paper Annunciation Paper I didnt think another visit to the Cloisters would mean much to me.In previous visits, I had noticed the picture on the wall or the sculpture in the corner, glanced quickly at a date or name, and moved on. This time, however, something compelled me to take a closer look, to try to understand the form and context of the works, to see into the artists mind. I thoroughly enjoyed observing the works themselves and watching others reactions to those works. Once there, I chose a particular object to write about, considering the formal elements and the effect on the viewer. This sharpened my visual analysis, along with my understanding of the importance of historical context. I was attracted to the stained glass because of the beauty and emotions it portrayed.It gives an accurate feel for the attitude of someone who was passionate about the craft. The panels once initiated a cycle dedicated to the Life of Christ installed in the Altenberg convent church. An unknown artist completed this G erman glass painting, created in Altenberg-an-der-Lahn, in 1290. It is a scene of the Annunciation, describing when the angel Gabriel is informing the Virgin Mary that she is pregnant with Jesus Christ. The Archangel Gabriel tells the Virgin Mary that she is to give birth to the Son of God. Calmness, order and simplicity are the outstanding features of this painting. Mary bows her head as she humbly accepts Gabriels message. The painting style, with its bold slashing strokes, combined with the strong colors, makes it one of the most exceptional of the panels.It includes a sense of perception because of its three dimensional characteristics. The face of Gabriel is gentle and soft, with squinted eyes and closed lips. Mary, however, seems more intense because of the lowely-tilted position of her head.Both of the emotions portrayed show the realistic intentions of the artist. Gabriels hands extend toward Mary, while hers rest humbly at

CHILD ABUSE and CHILD ENDANGERMENT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

CHILD ABUSE and CHILD ENDANGERMENT - Essay Example On the other hand, the investigator of an offense of â€Å"rape† (Teens Health, 1995, para. 1) has to be sensitive to the victim, understanding that she might be in extreme mental shock and agony. Thus, information will have to be elicited very tactically from such a person. In addition, while extracting their testimony, which will afterwards be used when the trial goes to court, the investigator needs to exercise extreme care and caution. Moreover, during questionings and interviews, an ingredient of sensitivity should be in place for gathering, protecting, and transmitting of facts from the commencement investigation at the scene of the offense. Particular care should also be taken while gathering and transferring of data relating to the case. The ethics of the investigators necessitate that they must maintain their journal in a methodical order, cautious and sequential order, by pen ink. These are the specific ethical considerations that require to be addressed when investi gating the crimes of rape and homicide. For all crimes, including rape and homicide, the investigator needs to treat the suspect as guiltless, until his or her guilt is proven in a court of law. Besides, the accused should not be coerced or tortured for extracting information from them. The defendant may also be warned suitably of the implication of the admission of crime, his statements and evidence that they offer the investigator during the course of the examination. The investigator should also state that such evidences will be used against them in a court. In the case of the offense rape, the sufferer should not be suspected, and their testimonial proof should be treated as one stride of continuing the particular investigation in identifying the person responsible for the crime. In some of the case investigative units consists of specially trained officers in child psychology, consisting of lady officers. It is always a good practice to use an

Mac9.11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mac9.11 - Essay Example DCM=1/RR=1/.10=10 DMS Therefore total reserves are equal to total money supply. So money supply = 10*12 million=120 million. Alternatively, The formula of geometric progression with a common ratio R which is equal to .90: $12,000,000 + $10,800,000 + $9,720,000 + †¦ $12,000,000 x (1 + 0.90 + 0.81 + 0.6561 + †¦) $12,000,000 x (1 + 0.90 + 0.902 + 0.903 + †¦) $12,000,000 x 1/1 – 0.90 = $12,000,000/0.10 = $120,000,000 The chain of deposit creation ends only when there are no more excess reserves to be loaned out, i.e. when the entire $12,000,000 is tied up in required reserves. Therefore, with a reserve ratio of 10%, excess reserves disappear only when checking deposits expand by $120,000,000. At RR=25% DCM=1/.25= 4 DMS= 12million*4= 48 million. At RR=100%. The DMS will be 12 million. Answer 3 The value of M1 is checkable deposits + currency= 743+633= $1376 billion. The value of M2 is M1+ Small time deposits+ Money-market mutual funds held by businesses+ Money-market mutual funds held by individuals+ Savings deposits, including money-market deposit accounts. The value of M2 is 1376+3649+1014+744+1190= $7973 billion. Answer 4 The diagram below shows the structure of the Federal Reserve System. The board of governors are appointed by the President. The function of the component is to oversee the system operations, takes decisions of regulations and sets the target level of requirements. The key monetary policy making body within the system is Federal Open Market Committee. The committee is responsible to seek decisions to stimulate monetary growth with price stability as well as influences the flow of money and credit. The board is composed of seven members of the board of governors and five presidents of Reserve Banks. Among the five presidents, one of them is the president of the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. The other members hold the voting position for one year terms on rotational basis. The Federal Reserve Banks are independently incorp orated with nine boards of directors. The function of the Federal Reserve Banks is to set the rate of interest although subjected to approval by Board of Directors. They monitor the economy and provide financial services to the U.S. government and depository institutions. The member banks hold stock in their local Federal Reserve Bank. The advisory committees carry out various responsibilities within the system. Lesson 11 Answer 1 The change is the reserve ratio is one such tool and is probably the most powerful. The term reserve deposits are used to define the percentage of reserves the banks are required to keep against deposits. A decrease in the reserve ratio will provide the banks to lend more and the money supply in the economy will increase. The effect is just the opposite in reserve ratio is increased. The discount rate is another tool. It is defined as the rate of interest that central bank charges the commercial banks when need to borrow additional reserves. The interest r ate is monitored by the Fed and does not depend on the market rate. Much of the rate is dependent on the signal Fed sends to the financial markets. The interest rates in the short term tend to depend on the movement of the market rate. The open market operations consist of buying as well as selling of securities of the government. The money supply within the economy increases when Fed buys back the securities from the banks and dealers. Answer 2 The increase

Poetry Slam Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Poetry Slam - Movie Review Example "Slam's victory at Sundance marks a critical move for the art. Poetry's value is completely tied to its integrity, and in Slam it is the poem that defines the terms. Saul Williams and Sonja Sohn, the star-crossed fiery loves at the centre of this story, are both seasoned poets in the New York spoken-word world The poets in Slam speak a poem through film, they do not sit on a plastic waiting for the pan across a furled eyebrow." (Stratton and Wozencraft, 137) Therefore, it is essential to comprehend that the film Slam celebrates its success through the depiction of the relevance and impact of poetry in the contemporary society and the major characters, themes, action, etc centre around the impact of poetry in society. The relevance and impact of poetry in the contemporary society has been the central idea suggested by the film Slam and the film has been central in representing the great role of poetry, rap, performance art and stand-up comedy etc in our society. It is a movie which specifically suggests the relevance of poetry in human life and society. "Slam is a raw poem of a movie.

Electronic commerce

Electronic commerce Introduction Electronic commerce,is also known as electronic marketing,consist of process of buying,selling or exchanging products,services or information via computer network.The amount of trade conducted electronically grown extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. Electronic commerce started more than 20 years ago in the form of Electronic Data Interexchange(EDI) and Electronic Funds Transfer(EFT) Followed in the 1980s by Automated Teller Machine(ATM),telephone banking and the extensive use of on-line credit card transaction.There are three concept in E-commerce such as brick-and-mortar,virtual, and click and mortar. The brick-and-mortar concept The brick-and-mortar is refer to business that have physical presence which is rather than virtual or online.Furthermore,stores(physical material such as brick and mortar) that we can drive to end enter physically to touch,purchase and see the merchandise.It is term as the basic for the click and mortar.The brick-and-mortar business is old-economy organization(corporation) that perform most of their business whithout network(off-line).It is selling physical product by means of physical agents. The vitual pure play organization(virtual) In e-commerce pure-play I refer to organization that originated and does business purely through the internet.It has no physical store(brick-and-mortar) where customers can shop.Examples of large pure play companies are Amazon.com and Netflix.com. The click-and-mortar concept The click-and-mortar concept is refer to combination of traditional(brick-and-mortar) and online establishment,such as store,bank and website.Transaction can be initiated and finalized either at the website(‘click)or at the physical site(‘mortar) The transformation in organization(brick to click) Many of organizational structures of todays business were designed more than 100 years ago when when computer-based information system were not available.Besides,information is really comparative and difficult to process.Plus,communition system is too old to use in daliy life.More than 10 years a ago Peter Drucker heralded the coming of a new organizational type,an organization composed largely of specific who discipline and direct their own performance through organized feedback from headquarters,colleagues and customers. Few years ago,when pure-play organization is cant stand anymore in business,other organization think to expand their sale,so click-and-mortar start to be use.The area pure-play fall short are precisely the areas in which brick-and-mortar companies took place in business. Before this,we use brick-and-mortar also.This concept can be use in organization,but to expand the business is hard because the business is just spread around its area because brick-and-mortar organization only sell physically outside the network.People from other places cant purchase thingS from it because they did not know about it.Soon,they realize that to make a successful business,it must go online. Click-and-mortar is not about praising one business model at the expense of another.It is also about combining the strength of both to develop the most positive consumer experience possible because in the e-commerce world,the customer will determine the winner. The advantage of using click-and-mortar concept in organization

Classification Essay - Good Books and Great Books -- Classification Es

The Difference Between Good Books and Great Books Reading is fundamental, but some books are more so than others. Surely Daniel Steele is a far cry from William Shakespeare, but what exactly is the difference? Even in the realm of quality literature there are still "good" books and "great" books. The difference between the importance of good and great books is also why it is so important to read great literature: Great books have a scope much larger than good ones. Good and great books differ by nature, not by degree. A good book is not almost a great one; a great book is a totally different creature than a good book. What makes them different is how much they pertain to the human experience. A good book may have one very important meaning, but it is a meaning that only pertains to the time in which it was written. Across the river though, a great book has many meanings. Great books also involve deeper issues, issues that are and always were part of the human experience. A good book only needs to be read once, but to realize all the different meanings of...

Deviance and Social Control Experiments Essay

An interesting assignment was assigned to us this week, one that I was excited and a little nervous to get started on. Our society is quite dependent on what is â€Å"normal. † Normal is following a routine, one that was set only by you and no others. Normal is to dress in what is considered socially acceptable, not garb that would throw you into a social outcast setting. But what happens when you defy these norms and start to step out of the box? At home my husband and I have established a routine that works well for us. Simple chores, such as, loading and unloading the dishwasher and laundry are split equally between us. Another routine that took shape shortly after we were married was where we sat in relation to the television. I sat on the long couch on the middle cushion; he sat on the love seat with the recliner. I have no idea where this tradition came from but I was excited to shake it up. I started sitting in the recliner. No words were spoken about it beforehand; it was just claimed as mine. This behavior merited a few odd looks and that was that. I suppose to think this behavior was odd is to know my husband. The most laid back person I have ever met, he shies away from confrontation on any level. I brought up the subject a few days into the experiment and he simply shrugged his shoulders and said that it was just a place to sit. We have since fallen back into our routine but now we both have an unspoken knowledge that it is indeed, just a place to sit. When it comes to fashion sense, mine falls under classy yet comfortable. I was excited to see that fashion could play a role in this assignment and actually chose to utilize the entire week. Being a stay at home wife means that there is hardly a dire need for me to leave the house. Errands can be accomplished in one day. However, I do enjoy the library and frequent it often, but instead of visiting in casually comfortable clothing I wore a party dress. Not just a party dress but one with ridiculous shoes, rain boots. I felt so silly at first but boldly embraced my fashion choice as the day wore on. Many patrons of the library stole glances but didn’t say much. I was feeling sad for myself, I was finding that standing out is much harder that I imagined but also admiration for those who do it daily and have no tribulations. As I was leaving a little girl came and grabbed my poufy skirt and told me she liked my dress and I found it to be an instant mood booster, one that made this little experiment well worth the challenge. My mother and I have a wonderful relationship, one that took years and years of teenage angst and stubbornness to overcome. These days, however, we are thick as thieves. I call her daily just to chat and she is a shoulder to cry on during hard times. She is, in no way, soft spoken but in her aging years has gotten to be much calmer. We rarely fight or argue anymore and when we do we simply get off the phone. One day I called her and talked to her in a loud voice. As I did I was having flashbacks to my teenage years where, it seemed, all I did was talk to her like this. She was instantly upset with me and asked why I was mad and yelling. I wasn’t yelling just talking loudly and since it happens so rarely anymore she mistook it for yelling. We have maybe a minute long talk and she hung up. I was severely upset and hated doing this experiment. I had no idea it would upset her so much and that, in turn, would upset me. I called her back immediately and informed her of the assignment. She thought it was hysterical. She laughed so hard but I feel it was more out of relive than anything else. Overall, this assignment was enjoyable. I learned how to step out of routine and that sometimes that is ok. It is not going to shake up life as much as would be expected. I learned that fashion is in the eye of the beholder. It is not something that should hold as much pressure as magazine emphasis and that sometimes a little girl knows all the right words to turn your day upside down. I learned how sensitive my mother can be and also, how sensitive that makes me. I learned not to take myself to seriously because nobody else does.

Legal Studies - Constitution essays

Legal Studies - Constitution essays The balance of power between the commonwealth and states can be modified directly through a referendum. Under section 128 which states that the proposed change to constitution must first be passed by the commonwealth parliament and then a double majority must attained in a compulsory vote in order for the actual words of the constitution to change. Changing the words in the constitution would mean that the powers of either state, or the commonwealth parliament would wither increase or decrease. However the Referendum is not a very effective method of changing the balance of power as since 1901 only out of 44 referendums have been successful, and the alteration of the balance of power has not been very significant. An indirect way of modifying the balance of power between commonwealth and the states is through high court interpretation. This is a much more effective method then the referendum. Although, interpretation does not change the words of the constitution formally, it provid es a meaning to them and therefore if a dispute arises between the states and commonwealth as to who has power to legislate overran area, high court interprets the constitution and makes a decision. Since 1900 there have been several cases Brislans case (1935) high court ruled under S51 that wireless sets are apart of postal, telegraphic and other like services, therefore giving commonwealth parliament power to legislate in the case of wireless sets and Franklin Dam case (1983) Commonwealth parliament legislate international affairs even if it interferes with residual powers. I.e. Franklin Dam covered by international treaty. That have swung the balance of power towards the federal parliament. This gaining of powers by federal parliament has made it more dominant i.e. financial dominance in the form of tide grants to states, however if the commonwealth operates within its concurre...

Funny Christmas Party Themes

Funny Christmas Party Themes Whether youre planning an evening with the family, or a rambunctious party with your friends, your Ð ¡hristmas get-together will need a theme. And why settle for something boring like Ð ¡hristmas movie night when you can do something completely unique and something that anyone, regardless of age, will enjoy? Lets jump into this list of funny Ð ¡hristmas party themes. Favorite Christmas Song Karaoke Night Now is the best time to start rehearsing those Christmas hits everyone loves for one month out of the year. Everyone loves karaoke, and the kitschy ambiance will make the right guests scream (into the microphone) with glee. Either rent out a space, or, for smaller groups, rent out a karaoke machine to hook up to the TV in your living room. Is this way to spend Christmas seem a bit weird to you? Its because you havent read about other unusual things people do on Christmas. Ugly Sweater Party If you dont own at least one chunky, uneven sweater made by a relative you barely know, youre either lying or just went through your clothes and donated a bunch. Either way, everyone loves an ugly sweater, and an occasion to celebrate our weird love for weirdly-colored holiday-themed garb would be welcome by anyone. Gift Randomizer Its like Secret Santa, except the secret is that no one knows who the gift is for. Tell your guests about the randomizer, set the amount guests are allowed to spend on the gift (over $20 and under $50 is a good range), and expect hilarity. When they arrive, drop everyones names into a hat, and randomize away! It might be more fun to not tell your guests upfront about the randomizer, but expect some sour faces if you decide to do that. It can be hard to buy a gift for someone you dont know well, hope these Christmas gifts ideas will help you. Beach-Themed Christmas Around this time of year, cold temperatures reach the level theyre going to be for the next few months, and everyone starts missing the summer months. Throw a reverse Christmas in July with beach cocktails, beach chairs, and a summer attitude. You can host the party at a location with an indoor pool to give everyone that summer feel. Christmas Movie Marathon Everyone has a Christmas movie from childhood that they love. Movies, after all, is how we fell in love with Christmas, how we mark its arrival on our calendars, and how we feel the magic of the holidays. Ask all your prospective guests what their favorite Christmas movies from childhood are, consolidate them into a top five, and make a playlist! If you get that urge to be a great host around the holidays, you can create decorations for your party based on the Christmas movies youre watching. Gingerbread House Decorator-off Is there anyone who doesnt like decorating gingerbread houses? If you answered yes, dont invite these people to your awesome decorator-off. Buy some pre-made gingerbread houses, separate your guests into groups, and may the most creative gingerbread house win! If your groups turn out to be large, set up a few elements that are mandatory to create, like a Christmas tree, a gingerbread man or a snowman. If you need some inspiration for creating an unusual Christmas tree, you should check out our blog about the weirdest Christmas trees. Decoration-Making Party If your Christmas party is not on the 25th, you can make use of the date and have everyone create fantastic DIY decorations for their homes! Find a few guides online for wreaths, faux Christmas trees, and anything else you can find for your guests to make. Try them out for yourself, and pick out the best ones. Youll effectively be hosting the party and guiding everyone youve invited through the process, so make sure you know what youre doing before you decide on this idea. Did you know that some people celebrate Christmas on the 7th of January? If you dont know why, you should read about this fact and other interesting facts about Christmas right away. Youll be surprised with some of them! And there you have it! Eight fantastic ideas that would make Martha Stewart blush. Take one or a few of these themes, and be the best host or hostess you can be this holidays season. With this list, you are sure to impress anyone. If you have any other awesome Christmas party ideas you are welcome to leave the comments!

International & Comparative Employment Relations Essay

International & Comparative Employment Relations - Essay Example As it is a comparative study, the comparison between America and Japan shows them to be on completely different sides in terms of HR systems while the position of Germany is somewhere in the middle. With the socioeconomic situation in focus, the writer concludes that socioeconomic factors become highly important for the proper establishment of an HR control system. Using these measures other HR systems can be brought in line with the socioeconomic situation the company is placed in internationally. The results are based on a literature analysis conducted by the researcher where 12 elements of a socioeconomic system are used to place the three countries on a scale. Within each of the 12 elements, there are four HRM related operands which further define the position of the HR systems in each country. As the countries were placed and ranked according to these operands and elements their relative positions became clear within the social context which is prevalent in the country. While some of these elements showed the researcher that the countries are more or less similar when it comes to approaching Human Resource Management, the majority of the elements i.e. more than 70% showed that there are vast differences between them. In these cases, American and Japanese HRM systems were at opposite ends of the scale and the German system was in the middle. In this manner, Germany is considered the middle ground between the polar opposites of Japan and America. The pattern described above became very strong when factors such as social demographics and principles of management were examined. The writer notes that the Germans have a system of co-determination when it comes to industrial relations and this is supported by the evidence presented by Block (1999) who reports that it is common to see union members on the board of a company in Germany. Similarly, Torrington and Hall (2002) note the importance of HR in America which is supported by the

No topic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 12

No topic - Assignment Example The linear regression equation helps in forecasting the value of sales in the next year. This will be done as follows; sales for the seventh year = (1109.1*7) + 1408 = 2517.1. The predicted sales for the seventh year is $ 2,517. The above prediction is too general to provide enough information for the production planning. The data that is divided into the different seasons in the year is more informative to the production planning especially for the Riverside Corporation that deals in highly seasonal products (Anderson, 677). Anderson adds that time series help in showing the overall trend of data for specified time intervals (692). Similar scatter diagrams help in predicting the sales for the next year per every two months as follows; The above analysis shows that the initial value of predicted sales was $ 2517 and was based on the annual total sales of the year. When data has been broken down into two months each year, the prediction takes a different direction (Anderson, 2012). For the next year i.e. seventh year, the predicted sales for the first two months is $ 2815. Sales for the second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth two months are $ 1659, $1240, 701, 797 and 1960 respectively. This information is more useful for production planning than the prediction made using the annual totals. This is because the product in question is seasonal and therefore its demand varies depending on different seasons of the year. Time series analysis is used in predicting the future values of a variable by the use of response history (Anderson, 682). This is referred to as autoregressive dynamics (Anderson, 680). The basic application is in the application of the linear regression models used above. The models give an equation where values are substituted to obtain the intended prediction. According to Anderson, â€Å"time series captures the various trends that given data assume over a certain period of time† (662).

The Success of Saudi Economic Policies According to Islamic Financing Literature review - 1

The Success of Saudi Economic Policies According to Islamic Financing Principles - Literature review Example The structure of society in Saudi Arabia is a monarchy, which means that patriarchal values of hereditary power are enshrined in all the internal political organisations. It is not like the monarchy which exists in the UK, where the Queen has a largely ceremonial role, but rather it is a non-democratic institution where the ruling royal family occupy the positions of power and decision-making. King and Prime Minister Abdallah bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud have been both chief of state and head of government since 2005, and all members of the council of ministers are appointed by him. (CIA, 2010) Female members of the Royal family and other respected women can and do occupy prominent positions with impressive job titles such as Princess Dr al-Jawhara bint Fahd al-Saud who was an undersecretary for education for women's colleges and Dr Nora Alyousuf, who is one of only six state-appointed â€Å"parliamentary advisors† but their powers are limited and many people view these appointment s as a cosmetic touch to distract from the lack of influence that Saudi women have in society. It would be wrong to assume, however, that royal power is always used to oppress women in modern Saudi Arabia and in fact over the last ten years there have been a   number of royal decrees which call for the setting up of organisations which review and reform Saudi social and political structures. The royal decree of March 9, 2004, called for the establishment of an Institution for Human Rights and another one of Sept.12 2005 set up an official Saudi Committee for Human Rights.  The structure of society in Saudi Arabia is a monarchy, which means that patriarchal values of hereditary power are enshrined in all the internal political organisations. It is not like the monarchy which exists in the UK, where the Queen has a largely ceremonial role, but rather it is a non-democratic institution where the ruling royal family occupy the positions of power and decision-making. King and Prime M inister Abdallah bin Abd al-Aziz Al Saud have been both chief of state and head of government since 2005, and all members of the council of ministers are appointed by him. (CIA, 2010) Female members of the Royal family and other respected women can and do occupy prominent positions with impressive job titles such as Princess Dr al-Jawhara bint Fahd al-Saud who was an undersecretary for education for women's colleges and Dr Nora Alyousuf, who is one of only six state-appointed â€Å"parliamentary advisors† but their powers are limited and many people view these appointments as a cosmetic touch to distract from the lack of influence that Saudi women have in society. It would be wrong to assume, however, that royal power is always used to oppress women in modern Saudi Arabia and in fact over the last ten years there have been a   number of royal decrees which call for the setting up of organisations which review and reform Saudi social and political structures. The royal decre e of March 9, 2004, called for the establishment of an Institution for Human Rights and another one of Sept.12 2005 set up an official Saudi Committee for Human Rights.  

Technical Developments Essay Example for Free

Technical Developments Essay With the increase in the success of record sales came the need to introduce methods to diminish manufacturing costs in order to increase profit margins. Nowhere was this need more prevalent than with the independent record companies in the industry for they had the most to gain let alone survive. After the demise of Germany, German technology made its way across the Atlantic to America. One of these technical break through was the ability to store audio information on magnetic tape. Magnetic tape was a process where Iron Oxide embedded on plastic tape could be magnetized by amplified electrical impulses for the purpose of recording and playing back audio information. It offered editing of performances, portability, and better audio quality and was significally cheaper than the existing technologies. In the USA a company that made Scotch tape called 3M improved the abilities of magnetic tape, allowing recording speeds of 30 ips to be brought down to 15 ips and 71/2 ips with little quality loss but significantly longer recording times. In 1948 Bell laboratories introduced the Transistor to America. Transistor technology could do everything the Vacuum tube at a reduced cost. It required less power, was smaller in size and more durable. Soon the recording studio became portable and could easily be torn down and set-up if the need arisen. Most importantly, the AM radio was created and could be found in the private confines of a teenagers bedroom. It might be hard to believe, but parents would warn their kids about the evils of listening to new music all by oneself. This new advent in technical breakthroughs sparked interest with the major players in the industry like CBS and RCA. Over at CBS the laboratories invented High Fidelity, a new method of improving the record. The Long-Playing record was invented that increased the number of grooves for the playing speed was lowered from 78 rpm to 33 rpm. Because the speed was lowered and the grooves now smaller, the smaller diamond stylus replaced the larger sapphire stylus. The new stylus needed to use lesser pressure allowing the LPs to last a lot longer. Over at RCA, engineers were developing similar technology. They invented a smaller sized record that revolved at 45 rpm. The size of the 45 and the fact that they only played one song worked very well for the jukebox owners. The 33-rpm LP worked well for playing records that offered more than one song and could sell for more money. With the new technical advances, records emerged as a relatively inexpensive medium compared to the overall production costs of Radio, film and Television, With this new trend, smaller independent record companies could compete with the larger companies and naturally they grew in stature and power. Records soon became the mainstay of radio and by 1952 record sales surpassed sheet music sales as a source of revenue in the music business. No longer was the jukebox the main resource for record promotion, radio with its new personalities would make sure of that. The main broadcasting format was AM amplitude modulation, even though FM frequency modulation had been around for a while. FM was in conflict with the introduction of TV for it existed in the VHF bandwidth that TV also shared, and had to take a back seat to AM even though its broadcasting quality was better. It was obvious to the broadcasting companies that the future lied in TV and radio would always be secondary. A compromise was made with Fm broadcasters and TV when TV allowed FM to operate on channel 1 on the TV station dial. It was later shifted to a bandwidth between 88-108 megacycles (between channels 6 and 7 where in now lives today. This proved to be devastating for FM broadcasters for not too many people were interested in buying an FM radio. In 1946 there were almost 7 million AM radios and less than 75,000 FM radios, and it would be a long time until TV was thoroughly entrenched that FM would start to emerge as a broadcaster for classical radio. With the development of TV came the fatal blow to network radio, for the large advertisers were much more interested in sponsoring TV programming than radio. But radio managed to survive via the Independent broadcasters that could rely on local advertisers for revenues, what we call today Retail verses the Corporate advertising of the major broadcasters. It is amazing to acknowledge the efforts and the luck of the independents in their pursuit of good music.

The Unhappy Democracy Essay -- Essays Papers

The Unhappy Democracy Abstract Plato/Socrates defined democracy as "the government of the people." He modeled his democratic society after Athens at the time, a small city-state where every adult male had a vote. The transition to democracy occurred after a revolution in which the rich oligarchic rulers were overthrown and disposed of and the poor gained control. Then, they provided everyone with equal rights. Democracy was characterized as a â€Å"bazaar of constitutions" where every citizen chose his own path in life. There was no obligatory military service, no privileged classes, and those that claim to love society were able to acquire the most power. Individuals may have desired honor in the morning and wealth in the evening. There was no consistent goal that individuals pursued and their desires changed constantly. However, democracy, unlike other imperfect societies, did not forbid the practice of philosophy; it had been indifferent to it. Eventually, "Things everywhere are just bursting with the spirit of liberty." Soon children disobey parents, students disobey teachers, and a disregard towards authority develops. Citizens become divided into three classes: the ruling class of spendthrift politicians, the middle businessman/merchant class, and the large mass of poor people who own little property and mostly stay out of politics. The politicians begin to pass laws that tax the capitalists in order to meet their spending promises. Next, a reactionary political party was formed by the wealthy in order to resist the taxes. After a while, the poor became frustrated with all of the disorder and selected a â€Å"champion of the people† who eventually acquired absolute power and corrupted by it to become a tyrant who would disregar... ...vide The reason being that individuals constantly focus on fulfilling desires rather than applying reason to guide their will. Consequently, their soul is always in a state of flux rather than being in harmony. Therefore, only the ideal state, not democracy, is capable of creating the conditions necessary for its citizens to attain happiness because it is founded on justice instead of liberty, which produces the harmony of the soul. In conclusion, democratic citizens shall never find true happiness in their political system because liberty is practiced at the expense of the liberties of others, the inherent lack of stability will eventually lead to situation in which individual liberty is rigorously suppressed, and because the pursuit of liberty is futile because it does not lead to true happiness. Democracy truly is the worst kind of government, after despotism.

Cogent Argument

Name Professor’s Name Course Date Determination of a Cogent Argument Cogency is a term that is used to show coherency of the various premise that contributes to a conclusion that is derived from the individual statements (Audi 235). Cogency thus depends on the premises, if all the premises are true, then the conclusion will be probably construed to be true, the use of the word probably makes it open for any argument to be considered. Cogency is used in inductive argument where observations are used as an inference for proposing a general rule regarding a statement (Audi 237). Acceptability is the concurrence verdict that is reached after a careful evaluation of all the outstanding factors based on the premises of a statement (Audi 245). In the first premise, it is acceptable to say that the grades the student’s scores has no relation with their personal values but depicts their ability to grasp the contents of the syllabus. This is because in grading it is the exact resonance between what the student writes and what was taught, there is no any other factor outside this range that is integrated in classification. For instance, a drug addict student can score As while a Christian one scores Ds, these grades do not absolutely reflect the students personal values at all. The second premise is not acceptable is equally acceptable, whatever is taught in class is not constitutionally obliged to anyone in a legal perspective such that they have to believe the classroom opinions and facts. Whereas they have the capacity to retain the knowledge and use it to get better grades, there is no legal requirement that they have to believe in what they are taught. Understanding and believing are two different words that confer different meanings altogether, premise three is acceptable and is relevant to the concluding premise. All the three premises are true and augur well with the conclusion statement. Since all the premises are construed to be true, it becomes impossible not to believe the last premise. The fact that all the three premises are taken to be true, substantial grounds is established to believe the conclusion. Relevance is the relation of the various premises to the conclusion premise, it all the premises are true then it is said to be relevant to the conclusion (Audi 251). The conclusion in this case is dependent upon the individual premises, any opinion regarding the premises directly influences the outcome of the conclusion. With reference to the four premises given in this case there is relevancy in the premises, the three preceding premises are all true allowing them to be relevant to the conclusion. Grades do not reflects on the personal values of the students is the fact in the first premise, the second one asserts that there is no legal obligation to believe what is taught in class and the third one informs that the students who are familiar with the evolution story do not believe in it. Form the three premises a conclusion is the made regarding them that for those who understands the evolution story and do not believe in it should not be given lower grades. The relevancy in the premises can then be vividly observed. An adequate ground is the consistency of the individual premises in assertion of an overall judgment (Audi 265). Considering all the premises in the case, it is impossible to refute the conclusion based on the three premises above. All the premises are true and combine to give the conclusion that is given in the above case. In conclusion, the ARG conditions are used to critically evaluate premises and conclusions based on their coherency and consistency in determination of a conclusion. These bring about the term cogency which implies the resonance given by the various statements. The use of the ARG is useful in making deductive or inductive reasoning that is essential in the critical and creative thinking (Audi 285). Work cited Audi, Robert. Epistemology: A Contemporary Introduction to the Theory of Knowledge. New York NY: Taylor & Francis, 2010.

A Summary of Past, Present, and Future Tense by Gregor Muir

A Summary of Past, Present, and Future Tense by Gregory Mir This article is a look at technology effect upon artist and the style or medium of art that can be developed and produced. Author Gregory Mir working with others hoped to create and exhibition that showcased the work of those artists who contributed to the advancement of â€Å"digital practice†, along with their attempts to identify the intricacies of the digital spectrum.I think this article for the most part explains how his selections of artist and their work, was mindful of establishing a past, present, and future artistic media theme collection. The author starts with a 1965 piece from artist Name June Pack a composer, who is credited with introducing others to the idea of using video as a way of expressing art. It should also be noted that the article made a case that the art of tomorrow is the art of the media, past and present. This particular art form is Just as much about visual image as much as music and pe rformance.It also incorporates the manipulation of hardware and includes software-concepts in equal measure. The article points out that what once could have been included under the heading of media art, has since moved into a variety of ewe artistic genres, or dissimilar forms whose definitions are instead more oriented on disciplines such as science and technology. The article also shows this development is being carried forward by individuals whose identity are often tied together by certain parameters such as artist, social worker, experienced designer and engineer.And whose actions come out of a clear understanding of technology as well as the associated social and cultural aspects, like those individuals that work in the open source medium, and who are masters of technological components. Those individuals who by their very nature ignore rules found in user manuals, and use technological devices and systems in ways that I am sure were unintended by those who created or markete d them to consumers the world over.I would point to the use of a magnet sitting on top of a TV as a way of creating abstract patterns of light. While simple in its design, the very idea of Magnet TV or the Web Stalker who strips away code to reveal the skeletal structure of a particular website is a tribute to the creative mind of the artist, and the use of available technology. I would say that in the world of media arts and animation, if you can imagine it you can create it as each of these selections shows.Overall, the author thought of combining elements from business, entertainment, communications, as well as artists and other professionals who may operate in a different space. The article concludes with a look at the history of digital art, as Mr.. Mir raises comparisons and dilemmas that allow those of us readers to question, reflect upon, and decide on the status of new media art. A Summary of Past, Present, and Future Tense by Gregory

Study of Peak Oil and Gas Essays

Study of Peak Oil and Gas Essays Study of Peak Oil and Gas Essay Study of Peak Oil and Gas Essay In 2004. the universe production of oil was estimated at merely over 29. 7 Bbl. The corresponding universe ingestion for oil during the same period was estimated at 29. 6 Bbl of oil. go forthing a excess of merely under 0. 1 Bbl at the terminal of the twelvemonth. In the United States. one of largest consumer markets for oil and oil merchandises. from the first hebdomad in September 2004 to the first hebdomad in September 2005. gasolene monetary values increased by a astonishing $ 1. 22 per gallon to $ 3. 12 before dropping to $ 2. 25 on November 21. 2005. These figures are rather reeling sing that contracts for petroleum changed custodies at 10 USD/barrel in 1999. With the outgrowth of China in the planetary market and its increasing demand for oil. it is projected that unless oil companies are able to increase the universe production by puting investing in oil and natural-gas production oil monetary values could increase exponentially over the following 10 ( 10 ) old ages. The obvious factor in finding the supply of oil in the universe is the sum of oil that can really be extracted and processed. Oil is basically a non-renewable energy beginning and can non be replenished once it has been extracted from the land. The function of oil companies and states is non in the existent production of oil but in it rationing. A web of scientists called the Association for the Study of Peak Oil and Gas ( ASPO ) which is affiliated with a broad array of planetary establishments and universities surveies the depletion rate of oil. ASPO surveies concern themselves in finding the day of the month and impact of the extremum and diminution of the world’s production of oil and gas. due to resource restraints. The ASPO uses the Peak Oil Theory or the Hubbert Peak Theory which is a method of patterning known oil militias and production rates and routinely used by oil companies to foretell future outputs of bing oil Fieldss ( Legget. 2005 ) . Using this theoretical account. it has been projected that the universe oil production growing tendencies. in the short term. have been diminishing over the last 18 months. Average annual additions in universe oil production from 1987 to 2005 were 1. 2 million barrels per twenty-four hours ( mbbl/d ) ( 1. 7 % ) . Global production averaged 84. 4 mbbl/d in 2005. up merely 0. 2 mbbl/d ( 0. 2 % ) . from 84. 2 mbbl/d ( 13. 4 million m? /d ) in Q4 2004 ( Legget. 2005 ) . ASPO predicts that conventional plus unconventional oil production will top out around 2007 What this information fundamentally means is that the current supplies of oil all over the universe are being depleted and newer beginnings have non yet been discovered. To convey the supply of oil up once more. oil companies must put more in turn uping more oil Fieldss and besides develop new engineerings to better the current refinement processes to let for a more efficient production of oil. This first factor in the supply of oil is fundamentally dependent on the existent sum of oil that can be produced and processed and besides considers the capacity of oil companies to polish oil more expeditiously and to tap other beginnings of oil ( Deffeyes. 2005 ) . This factor nevertheless besides to a great extent depends on the capital investings that oil companies make in the oil industry. One of the chief factors which affect the demand for oil is the monetary value of oil. But given the fact that oil is a necessary resource and that it is a non-renewable energy beginnings. the supply can fundamentally merely remain at a certain Peak degree depending on the sum which can really be processed and the demand besides remains at a certain degree even if oil monetary values continue to lift ( Case. 1999 ) . Normally. if the resources were renewable. there would be perfect snap between the supply and the demand in proportion to the addition or alteration in the monetary value. Therefore. if the monetary value of oil were to increase. it would theoretically ensue in the demand for oil to diminish ( Case. 1999 ) . This premise nevertheless can non be applied to the instance of oil because. as mentioned earlier. oil is a non-renewable resources and remains as the primary beginning of energy in the universe today. This shows the inelastic demand for oil. The ground for this is that since oil remains the chief energy beginning in most states. the demand for oil will stay changeless despite the alterations in the monetary value of oil ( Case. 1999 ) . While theoretically it is expected that there will be a greater demand for oil if the monetary value lessenings. it is of import to factor in the fact that more authoritiess around the universe are implementing energy salvaging policies every bit good as seeking to cut down to dependence on oil as an energy beginning by developing alternate beginnings of energy ( intercrossed autos. solar power. hydroelectric power ) ( Simmons. 2005 ) . The fact that oil is a non-renewable resource must besides be considered. The following factor which affects demand for oil is the handiness of alternate energy beginnings which are cheaper ( Bilgen. 2004 ) . The presence of replacements in a market allows the demand for oil to diminish if the monetary value continues to increase ( Case. 1999 ) . Before discoursing this factor. it is of import to retrieve that the development of alternate energy beginnings is non in proportion to the increasing rate of demand for oil. The presence of replacements in a market affects demand because any addition in the monetary value of the trade good means that the consumers have an alternate and can take down their demand for the trade good and purchase the replacement alternatively ( Case. 1999 ) . The same rule applies for oil except that it must be remembered that the development of these replacements or alternate beginnings of energy takes a well longer sum of clip than conventional replacements. However. under the premise that there are already alternate beginnings of energy available in the market. it can be expected that the demand will respond consequently to any addition in the monetary value of oil. The dependance on oil as an energy beginning will diminish therefore cut downing the demand for oil in proportion to the monetary value additions ( Pimentel. 1998 ) . The challenge remains nevertheless for states and authoritiess to happen ways to happen alternate energy beginnings to cut down the universe dependance on oil as an energy beginning and ease the load that the increasing monetary values have on the consumer. While the authorities may efficaciously modulate its usage. the best solution is still in the development of energy replacements for the market ( Pimentel. 1998 ) . Other factors which besides have an consequence on the demand for oil are things such as the authorities ordinances on the usage of fossil fuels. energy salvaging runs and environmental ordinances. The authorities can implement these steps by increasing revenue enhancements or enforcing mulcts. The consequence that this has on demand is simple. The authorities ordinances efficaciously cut down demand because the consumers are restricted from purchasing more oil. By promoting the execution of energy salvaging policies. oil ingestion is besides greatly reduced therefore impacting the demand. The demand for oil therefore is affected by many factors such as monetary value. handiness of replacements. and authorities intercession in the signifier of revenue enhancements. energy ordinances and monetary value controls. Mentions: Bahree. B. ( 2006 ) Investing by Oil Industry Stalls November 8. 2006 Wall Street Journal November 2006 Bilgen. S. and Kaygusuz. K. ( 2004 ) Renewable Energy for a Clean and Sustainable Future. Energy Sources 26. 1119 Case. K. and Fair. R. ( 1999 ) . Principles of Economics ( 5th ed. ) . Prentice-Hall Deffeyes. K. ( 2005 ) . Beyond Oil: The Position from Hubbert’s Peak. Hill and Wang publication House. Hill and Wang United States Leggett. J. ( 2005 ) . The Empty Tank: Oil. Gas. Hot Air. and the Coming Financial Catastrophe. Random House. Pimentel. D. ( 1998 ) . Energy and Dollar Costss of Ethanol Production with Corn Hubbert Center Newsletter. 98/2. M. King Hubbert Center for Petroleum Supply Studies. p. 8. Simmons. M. ( 2005 ) . Twilight in the Desert: The Coming Saudi Oil Shock and the World Economy. Random House

Pro-Abortion essays

Pro-Abortion essays Imagine that you have just been informed that you or your girlfriend is pregnant. This drastic news will completely change your entire future. All of the hopes and dreams that a young, college student obtains are completely and quickly abolished. That is why according to Planned Parenthood.com, 71% young adults between the ages of seventeen to twenty two first think of abortion as their answer. But then imagine that time, months, and even trimesters pass and you still don't know what to do. It's such a hard decision that will change your life either way. According to Jimmy Moore, a writer for the Talon News in Washignton on Wed Nov 4, 2003, stated that a new a law, oulawing "partial-birth abortions," will soon take effect was quickly passed by the House of Representatives and the Senate. It was then given to President Bush who had been eager to sign it into law since his State of the Union address in January, even though President Clinton vetoed it in 1996 and 1997 after successfully passing through the House and Senate. Partial birth abortions are precedures that are usually performed during the fifth month, second trimester, or even later. The woman's cervix is dialted and the fetus is partially removed feet first. The surgeon inserts a sharp object into the fetus' head and is removed. The surgeon inserts a vacum tube which takes out all of the fetus' brains. Then the fetus is more easily removed from the womb. Many, including President Bush, see this as murder and want all practices to end. "I ask you to protect infants at the very hour of their birth and end the practice of partial-birth abortion" stated Bush in front of However, many see this new law that will take effect as a step back on women's rights. Usually women do this procedure because she is not ready for a child for whatever reason and has delayed, the fetus ha ...

Mutual Intelligibility Definition and Examples

Mutual Intelligibility Definition and Examples Mutual Intelligibility is a situation in which two or more speakers of a language (or of closely related languages) can understand each other. Mutual intelligibility is a continuum (that is, a gradient concept), marked by degrees of intelligibility, not by sharp divisions. Example and Observations [W]hat allows us to refer to something called English as if it were a single, monolithic language? A standard answer to this question rests on the notion of mutual intelligibility. That is, even though native speakers of English vary in their use of the language, their various languages are similar enough in pronunciation, vocabulary, and grammar to permit mutual intelligibility. . . . Hence, speaking the same language does not depend on two speakers speaking identical languages, but only very similar languages.(Adrian Akmajian, Richard Demers, Ann Farmer, and Robert Harnish, Linguistics: An Introduction to Language and Communication. MIT Press, 2001) The Mutual Intelligibility Test [The] distinction between language and dialect is based on the notion [of] mutual intelligibility: Dialects of the same language should be mutually intelligible, while different languages are not. This mutual intelligibility, in turn, would then be a reflection of the similarities between different varieties of speech.Unfortunately, the mutual-intelligibility test does not always lead to clear-cut results. Thus Scots English may at first be quite unintelligible to speakers of the various varieties of Standard American English, and vice versa. True, given enough time (and goodwill), mutual intelligibility can be achieved without too much effort. But given an even greater amount of time (and goodwill), and a greater effort, also French might become (mutually) intelligible for the same speakers of English. In addition, there are cases like Norwegian and Swedish which, because they have different standard varieties and literary traditions, would be called different languages by most people, including linguists, even though the two standard languages are mutually quite intelligible. Here, cultural and sociolinguistic considerations tend to overrule the mutual intelligibility test.(Hans Henrich Hoch, Principles of Histoprical Linguistics, 2nd ed. Mouton de Gruyter, 1991) One-Way Intelligibility [A]nother problem regarding the use of mutual intelligibility as a criterion [for defining a language is] that it need not be reciprocal, since A and B need not have the same degree of motivation for understanding each other, nor need they have the same amount of previous experience of each others varieties. Typically, it is easier for non-standard speakers to understand standard speakers than the other way round, partly because the former will have had more experience of the standard variety (notably through the media) than vice versa, and partly because they may be motivated to minimise the cultural differences between themselves and the standard speakers (though this is by no means necessarily so), while standard speakers may want to emphasize some differences.(Richard A. Hudson, Sociolinguistics, 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 2001) Theres a fat man who comes in here with pills sometimes and I cant understand a word he says. I told him Ive got no problem with wherever he comes from but I have to be able to understand him. He understands what Im saying and he talks louder. I dont hear well, but it doesnt help anything for him to say whatever it is hes saying in a louder voice.​(Glen Pourciau, Gone. Invite. University of Iowa Press, 2008) Bidialectalism and Mutual Intelligibility in The Color Purple Darlie trying to teach me how to talk. . . . Every time I say something the way I say it, she correct me until I say it some other way. Pretty soon it feel like I cant think. My mind run up on a thought, git confuse, run back and sort of lay down. . . . Look like to me only a fool would want you to talk in a way that feel peculiar to your mind.(Celie in The Color Purple by Alice Walker, 1982.) Also Known As: interintelligibility

Racial Profiling Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Racial Profiling - Essay Example Using racial profiling as a law enforcement tactic can be considered as unjust discrimination since it applies to specific people. This restricts the privacy and freedom of movement by individuals from this particular race. The USA receives thousands of immigrants from other countries and regions, but Latinos and blacks are the majority of deportees. After the 9/11 attacks in New York and Washington, Muslim communities in USA have been targeted by security agencies in USA. The equality principle provides the moral and legal assertion that all citizens are equal and require equal treatment from the law. All people are therefore supposed to enjoy equal rights, opportunities, and welfare regardless of race or social status. Muslims in USA are arbitrarily arrested or stopped by police officers on suspicion of engagement in terror activities. In airports, they are subjected to thorough security checks, which are not conducted on ordinary Americans. The FBI has shortlisted several Muslims, and they are on constant surveillance (Jamal and Naber, 2008). This causes discrimination of Muslims by citizens and the law enforcement officers. However, racial profiling of Muslims has helped the FBI and the police identify several potential terrorist within the country. This has helped prevent other attacks and paralyze the operation of terroris t cells in

War in Iraq Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 2

War in Iraq - Essay Example In essence, students are forced to wear uniforms that have two or three colors, for all the years they will be attending the school in question. As a result, their minds clog and rotate around the colors of their uniforms (Brunsma 77). School administrators may have the objective of making students look the same in terms of status while in school through wearing uniforms. However, this is ill conceived because students have diverse physiques, uniforms tend to force some students to be other individuals; it makes them take up a personality that they are not comfortable being (Brunsma 108). When students are given the opportunity of wearing whatever uniform they prefer; they experience freedom. Here, the students’ mind roams freely, in that instead of being limited by the two or three colors in the school uniform, they can wear clothes that are of various colors. In essence, school uniforms create mental prisons in students; their minds atrophy because they lack

Other then the obvious( washington,adams,franklin,jefferson) which Essay

Other then the obvious( washington,adams,franklin,jefferson) which american political or military leader do you think had the mo - Essay Example Through the legislation that he introduced and his impassioned rhetorical style, he helped encourage Americans to rise up against the British and take their destiny into their own hands. No one can doubt that he made a major difference in America's quest for independence. Henry was born and raised in Virginia and served in the Virginian legislature, alongside many famous men of the era (Beeman, 12). He was deeply interested in states' rights, and opposed the idea of being ruled by a distant king in a foreign land. The mood in the American colonies was changing during Henry's years of service and he captured that mood powerfully in his public speeches. He often came within a whisker of making statements that were treasonous to the British king. Nevertheless, he stood by his viewpoints. In one of his first acts after being elected in Virginia he introduced a response to the Stamp Act. His actions were widely seen as being one of the first and most radical steps against British rule in the colonies. It effectively said that Americans could not be taxed by London without representation in London. It was the speech he gave at this time which Thomas Jefferson once said surpassed anything else he had ever heard in his life (Jewett). During this time, and in the years following it and leading up to the Revolution, Henry's rhetoric was noted as inspiring many people.

Analysis of the the Canadian International Development Agency Research Paper

Analysis of the the Canadian International Development Agency - Research Paper Example The International Cooperation Ministry of the Federal government, which is currently headquartered in Gatineau, Quebec, oversees the activities of CIDA. Its major objectives are social development including child protection and basic education, economic health of developing countries, sustainability of the environment, and striving for good governance, democracy, and respect of human rights by governments in developing countries. The Agency concentrates most of its bilateral aid in a select group of countries including Haiti and Indonesia. However, this concentration is not inclusive of programs offered by such multilateral bodies like UNDP and UNICEF. It does not also include assistance in fast intervention measures for natural disasters, conflict, and crisis, which are offered all over the world by the Agency’s strong hand of help (Bruneau, 2008). CIDA has made real progress in obtaining results in the arena of international development via collaboration with international, Canadian, and local partners. These results are inclusive of a drop in poverty levels from 1.3 billion in 1990 to 980 million in 2004 (Bruneau, 2008). Other accomplishments are the enrollment of more children in developing countries to primary schools, decline in child mortality, and achievement of Millennium Development Goal by developing countries like Ghana. 2. Organizational Design According to the information systems at the agency, CIDA has 2336 positions, which are, classified (Irwin, 2008). The branch in Africa is the biggest of all the branches with three hundred and eighty five positions in total. It is followed by the Asian branch, which has two hundred and twenty eight positions. After which the branch in the Americas follows with its one hundred and ninety three positions, and finally the branches in the Maghreb, Middle East, and Europe with its one hundred and fifty two positions. The policy branch, which consists of two hundred and thirteen positions, is the Agencyâ₠¬â„¢s largest corporate branch. Two hundred and three positions strong branch then follows it for Canadian Partnership, and then the branch for multilateral programs, which is one hundred and nineteen strong and finally the thirty-eight strong Canada corps. With regard to the branches dealing with a corporate service, the branch of HR and corporate services is the most staffed with three hundred and thirty nine positions. It is then followed in a distant second by the information technology and management branch with one hundred and ninety six positions, then by the branch dealing with communication with one hundred and forty four positions and finally by the Knowledge management and performance branch with its forty one positions. The remainders of the positions, which come up to eighty-five, are inclusive of the offices of the Senior Vice President, Executive Vice President, and President (Irwin, 2008). The distribution of the4 Agency’s positions is as follows. Of the two t housand three hundred and thirty six agencies classified positions, eight hundred and twenty three job positions are clumped against one of twenty-three generic descriptions of work at the agency. Administrative and Program services 1563 Social and economic science services 171 Purchasing, commerce, and audit 113 Executive group 108